The degradation of monoamines by MAO produces neurotoxic hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of a number of biogenic and dietary amines, including serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, and phenylethylamine. Regulation of monoamine oxidase A by the SRY gene on the Y chromosome. This is the first study demonstrating that the Y-encoded transcription factor SRY is capable of regulating an X-located gene, suggesting a novel molecular mechanism for sexual dimorphism in neural development, brain functions, and initiation/progression of neural disorders associated with MAO A dysfunction.-Wu, J. Coimmunoprecipitation and ChIP assays showed that SRY and Sp1 form a transcriptional complex and synergistically activate MAO A transcription. A functional SRY-binding site in the MAO A core promoter was identified and validated by electrophoretic mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses. We demonstrated that SRY activates both MAO A-promoter and catalytic activities in a human male neuroblastoma BE(2)C cell line. Recently, we found that MAO A was a putative target gene directly regulated by a transcription factor encoded by the sex-determining region Y ( SRY) gene located on the Y chromosome. However, the molecular basis for these disease processes is unclear. Abnormal MAO A activity has been implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, autism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which show sexual dimorphism. Monoamine oxidase A (MAO A), encoded by the X chromosome, catalyzes the oxidative deamination of monoamine neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, and plays a critically important role in brain development and functions.
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